Advantages of Forging Over Casting： 1 Higher production rates 2 Greater material strength in forged cooper parts due to the total absence of porosity. Forging improves the mechanical properties, because of the closeness of the grain flow. 3 The absence of porosity and inclusions also significantly reduce scrap. 4 Forging provides better surface finish over casting 5 Precision tolerances reduce machining operations. 6 Substantial material savings are generated due to the coring process along with the reduction in flash. 7 Longer machine tool life is experienced due to the absence of the inclusions seen in sand casting. 8 The ductility of brass/ aluminum allows for the easier formation of complex components. 9 Many castings can be easily converted to forgings.